Aim: Vancomycin (VAN) is a glycopeptide antibiotic which is active against gram positive bacteria including methicillin resistant Staphylococci. Free radicals are involved in the pathogenesis of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant potential of Vitamin A against the nephrotoxicity of vancomycin in rats. Methods: Animals used in this study were divided into; Control, VAN treated, VAN + vitamin A treated group. vitamin A was administered 4 days before and 2 week simultaneously with vancomycin. Serum separated to determine kidney function parameters. Kidneys dissected out for histological examination and for assay of oxidative stress markers. Results: Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) in kidney tissue were significantly increased after vancomycin administration. VAN produced kidney dysfunctions. The presence of Vitamin A with vancomycin caused reduction in induction levels of MDA, urea and creatinine in kidney. Conclusions: Vitamin A has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize vancomycin nephrotoxicity