|
The study aimed to analyze various economic aspects related to agricultural labor for the most important vegetables (garlic, beans, and potatoes) in the Damascus countryside governorate. The sample included 130 agricultural workers working on vegetable farms in the study area and about 160 farmers using a random sampling method. The research was carried out based on two interview forms prepared for this purpose. The research objectives were achieved by relying on the analysis of indicators of the efficiency of using agricultural labor, and a three-way Likert scale was used to rank the difficulties and problems in the field of supplies, production, marketing, and the degree of satisfaction with work according to their priorities for farmers and workers. The results of the analysis showed that the total employment in the Damascus countryside governorate was 66.5% of the total labor force, and the annual growth rate was positive, and that agricultural employment constituted 9.9% of the total labor force. It had a negative growth rate. The average actual days completed by one worker on the farm amounted to about 218.3 working days, during which he carries out agricultural operations for the various types of vegetables grown. As for the average annual achievement per worker, it amounted to 130.6 working days. available labor on the farm, which hires 16 workers, was about 4,640 working days per year, and the percentage of use of working time in agriculture constituted about 75.29% of the total working days available to the worker. The productivity of the labor unit reached 2749.3 kg per worker, and the cost of one unit of labor amounted to 211,527 SP. The net return of the labor unit reached an average of 782,801.6 SP, while the value of economic efficiency amounted to about 1843.3. The difficulty of insufficient working hours ranked first among the difficulties of marketing crops. It was found that the degree of satisfaction with the type of marketing process ranked first, and the problem of intermittent and non-permanent work ranked first. The research recommends monitoring private markets by government agencies to prevent monopoly and increasing prices, distributing production requirements through agricultural extension departments to farmers according to the agricultural license and securing them at appropriate prices, and establishing associations to market crops to the sales halls of the Vegetable and Fruit Company to ensure the protection of producers and the provision of these products to consumers. Providing means of transporting products to markets for fear that farmers will be exposed to loss of production and damage ,Establishing a unified union for workers and registering them in it with the aim of guaranteeing their personal rights, including providing health insurance for them, and creating a specialized administration for official labor offices to organize all matters related to work and issuing procedures, including setting a minimum wage according to the type and nature of each work. The administrations of labor employment offices oblige farm owners to conclude regular employment contracts for workers
|
