Oral health-related quality of life and oral manifestations of Syrian children with congenital heart disease: a case-control study

The oral health of patients with coronary heart disease is a vital aspect of their overall well-being and is closely tied to their quality of life. Evidence suggests that patients with coronary heart disease may face challenges related to oral health and dental issues. This necessitates specialized medical attention and emotional support, as these conditions can impact their quality of life and lead to psychological issues such as fear, anxiety, academic struggles, and difficulties in social interactions with peers due to their health status.

A research study was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry at Damascus University to investigate dental necrosis, dysmorphia and gum inflammation in children with coronary heart disease in comparison to healthy individuals. The aim was to provide data-driven insights for decision-makers to enhance the oral health and quality of life of these children.

A total of 200 patients with CHD and 100 healthy children belonging to the same patient’s family were included. Decayed, missed, and filled permanent teeth index (DMFT) and decayed, missed, and filled primary teeth index (dmft), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Papillary Marginal Gingivitis Index (PMGI), and dental abnormalities were recorded. The Arabic version of the Child Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (COHRQoL, 36-item) which was divided into 4 different domains (Oral Symptoms, Functional Limitations, Emotional Well-Being, Social Well-Being) were studied. Chi-square test and independent- t-test were used to perform statistical analysis.

The study findings highlighted oral health issues in children with coronary heart disease, emphasizing the need to increase awareness to prevent potential emotional, social, and overall impacts. It also offered valuable insights to support the implementation of preventive programs within the healthcare system, aiming to deliver optimal oral health care and specialized psychological and social support for these children in the Syrian Arab Republic.